ABOUT TBILISI

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ABOUT TBILISI

Beautiful city Tbilisi is situated in the center of eastern Georgia. It was founded in the 5th century by King Vakhtang Gorgasali. Picturesque Trialeti mountain range elevates over Tbilisi. The city has been damaged many times; however Old Town hasn’t been devastated. City center preserved narrow lanes and large jagged houses formed near courtyards

ABOUT TBILISI

Any time city guests can tread through the quiet streets between the old houses and churches and relax wonderfully after the refreshing walk. For those who prefer loud sunny holidays and relax with friends Tbilisi offers dream holidays that will remain forever in their memories.

Tbilisi people keep optimistic about the future through their passion for music, literature, dance and wine. Tbilisi appeared in literary, musical and movie world. Songs about Tbilisi are very rich, vibrant and traditional. Recently, Americans filmed a film about Tbilisi, telling about the national holiday in Tbilisi “Tbilisoba”. The students of Tbilisi Film and Theatre took part in the creation of the later

ABOUT TBILISI

Visitors about Tbilisi talk as something intriguing and swallowed by culture. Despite this new westward orientation, the Tbilisi has maintained a tenacious hold on their traditional culture. Although it has been fired, destroyed and rebuilt countless times over the past two millennia, Tbilisi has always been marked by its unique spirit of renewal.

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Visitors mention about warm reception in the city of the warm springs. They indicate being lucky to get invited to a Georgian feast, eat, drink and be merry.

Visitors admire Tbilisi’s oldest quarter, known as Abanotubani, where the strangest of all and the most rewarding are perhaps the ancient baths of Abanotubani.

Indeed, Tbilisi owes some of its charm to the lingering spirit of artful commerce. According to visitors, Tbilisi is also an outstanding place for shopping. Everywhere sometimes antique and of real value can turn up.

Visitors notice that Tbilisi is at the same time become a center for modern fashion, where Western chic with an exotic Eastern flair meet together

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Tbilisi history

Tbilsi is historical city. The name “tbilisi” came from “tbil”, which means “warm”; from the hot springs near the city. Already in the name Tbilisi carries on a magical power of attraction. It indicates that there should be something very friendly and welcoming, dear-to-heart, like a home. The word “warm” promises hospitality and joy. Until 1936 Tbilisi was called “Tiflis” also “Tpghis”.

There is a legend how Tbilisi became the capital. One day King Vakhtang Gorgasali and his entourage were hunting near Tbilisi. The king had lost the sight of his group when suddenly a pheasant flew out of the bushes. He shot the peasant and ran to pick up the prey, but the wounded pheasant falling in the springs was miraculously healed. The king loved this place and announced his decision to move the royal residence from Mtskheta to the city of “hot springs” Tbilisi. Historically it is admitted that Tbilisi became capital is 458 AD

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ABOUT TBILISI

Tbilisi districts

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Today’s Tbilisi occupies 726 km ? (280 sq mi) with 1.5 million populations. It is divided into six administrative districts: Old Tbilisi Region, Vake- Saburtalo Region, Didube-Chughureti Region, Gldani-Nadzaladevi Region, Isani-Samgori Region, Didgori Region. Each region has something unique and attractive for visitors.

Old Tbilisi Region has been formed in the 20th century. It includes Upper and Lower Kala Abastubani, Kharpukhi, Isani, Havlabari, Sololaki, Vera, Garetubani. It is inhabited with Georgians, Armenians, Jews and Kurds. In Old Tbilisi Region there are old brick houses with ample wooden terraces, and narrow streets. Famous Rustaveli Avenue with Rustaveli Drama Theatre, Tbilisi State Museum and Freedom Square are in Old Tbilisi Region.

Vake- Saburtalo Region connects two districts Vake and Saburtalo. Tbilisyan intelligentsia inhibits this region. There are many Institutes and Universities here. Young people like to gather in this place, since there are many entertainment locations in Vake-Subartalo Region. This is a good shopping area: Tbilisi City Hall has lately been relocated from old Tbilisi region to Saburtalo.

Didube-Chughureti Region includes two districts Didube and Chughureti. Georgians, Armenians, Jews, Kurds and Russians live here. Didube-Chughureti Region major attractions are churches and the national Boris Paichadze stadium (holds 58,000 people). This region dignifies itself with the famous Georgian movie studio “Cartuli Filmi”(Georgian Movie)

ABOUT TBILISI

Gldani-Nadzaladevi Region is residential district inhibited by Georgians, Kurds and Armenians. This is an industrial region, where wine, cognac and champagne manufacturing plants are located. There is an An open air museum and Apostle Peter’s monastery.

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Isani-Samgori Region consists of two districts Isani and Samgori. Recently the region territory was reduced in favor to the Old Tbilisi region. Georgians, Armenians, Kurds, Jews and Assyrians live in this region. There are not many attractions in this region.

Didgori Region is a newly associated with Tbilisi area. This region has exceptional camping areas. There are mountains, valleys are thick forest here.

Tbilisi People

Tbilisi is an international city however more than 80% of the population is ethnically Georgian. Other nationalities live next to each other historically creating diverse cultural, ethnic, and religious varieties of Tbilisi. Tbilisi is home for more than 100 nationalities and ethnic groups; largest groups are Armenians, Russians and Azerbaijanis. They played important role in forming the cultural atmosphere of Tbilisi. There are also Ossetians, Abkhazians, Ukrainians, Greeks, Germans, Jews, Estonians, Kurds, Assyrians and others. In the north part of the town stretches the clean German Quarter, formerly occupied by German immigrants from Wurttemberg (1818). On the right bank of the Kura is the Russian Quarter, the seat of the officials and of the larger business firms. On the south there are Armenian and Persian Bazaars.

Tbilisi is a city rich in culture and tradition. Art lovers have wide choices in Tbilisi, especially those who are fond of theatrical arts. Tbilisi is famous for its Rustaveli State Theatre, the Marjanishvili State Theatre, the Movie Actors Theatre, as well as new, avant-garde venues. Legendary director Robert Sturua leads productions that are admired not only in Georgia, but also all over the world. His Shakespearean plays have had great success in England, and in other countries.

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As international city Tbilisi attained different architectural monuments and the attributes, however prevailing is own urban folklore and language, and the specific Tbilisuri (means “belonging to Tbilisi”) culture.

The Tbilisi opera and ballet theatre grew prominent ballet dancers and opera singers. Among them are ballet dancer Vakhtang Chabukiani, modern ballet star Nino Ananiashvili, opera singers Vano Sarajishvili, Zurab Anjaparidze, Zurab Sotkilava, Makvala Kasrashvili, Paata Burchuladze. American choreographer George Balanchine also has Georgian origin (his name is Balanchivadze).

Many famous people emerged in Georgia: Georgian famous poets, Ilya Chavchavadze, Akaki Tsereteli, Nikoloz Baratashvili (known as Tato), writers and public figures Konstatine Gamdakhurdia, Ekvtime Takaishvili, scientists and engineers, Malkhaz Abdushelshvili, Andria Apakidze, Revaz Dogonadze, Tamaz Gamkrelidze, Alezander Kartvelishvili, and many other.

Armenians of Tbilisi. Relationships between Armenians and Georgians had historically been formed and still are strong. There was even a legend of two nations being brothers: Hayos (Armenians call themselves “Hay”) and Qartlos (Georgians called themselves “Qartli”).

Tbilisi was one of the oldest migratory residences and cultural center for Armenians. When in the 6th century Tbilisi became the capital of Georgia, Armenians also settled there instigating Armenian-Georgian friendship. In the 7th century Armenians were forming the majority of Tbilisi population. Many historical evidences prove the significant role Armenians play in the cultural, economic and political life of Tbilisi. One of the evidences was in “Girk Tghtots” (“Book from papers”); it recounts that the spiritual leader of Tbilisi those times was Sahak Tpghetsi (Armenian), and couples of Armenian churches have been built in Tbillisi in 7th and 8th centuries. After collapse of Bagratuni Dynasty the number of Armenians grew. During the Georgian King Davit the Builder Armenians took part in the struggle against Turks together with the Georgians. Italian traveler Marco Polo (13th century) talking about Tbilisi, mentioned Armenians alongside with Georgians. According to Patriarch Makarius (17th century), Armenians were mostly wealthy merchants, business and crafts people, who also had certain privileges. Botanist Turnefor (18th century), visiting Tbilisi, mentioned that from about 20,000 people, 14,500 were Armenians. Armenians owned 24 churches then. In the 18th century many Armenian doctors, teachers, secretaries, painters, singers served in the Georgian court

ABOUT TBILISI

In 1880s Tiflis Armenian Publishing and Hayuhyats Charity were established. Armenians magazines were published in Tbilisi. In 20th century the branch of the Writers’ Union of Georgia, the Union of Armenians of Georgia, the Georgian Union of Youth, “Vernatun” literary group, “Sayat-Nova” Cultural Society were formed.

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Most parts of the Old Town were built by Armenians. The neighborhoods of Havlabar district were inhibited by Armenians, and even Georgians spoke Armenian in Havlabar. The older Armenian neighborhood of Tbilisi, on the banks of the river between Freedom Square and Havlabar carry Armenian names, including Ararat, Yerevan, Tumanyan, Abovyan, Sundukyan, Hakobyan, Alikhanyan and Sevan. Freedom Square was once called Paskevich Yerevanski Square, and sometimes just commonly Yerevan Square. (During Soviets renamed to Lenin Square).

Many famous Armenians had born, lived and worked in Tbilisi. Among them were: Aram Khachaturyan, Composer, Hakob Hakobyan, writer, Nar-Dos, Writer, Sayat-Nova, poet and bard, Sergei Parajanov, director, Viktor Hambardzumyan, astrophysicist, Tigran Petrosyan, chess ex-champion. The “Armenian Pantheon of Tbilisi” has the tombs of many famous Armenians including writers Hovhannes Tumanyan and Raffi.

Armenian theatre was founded in1858 by the Armenian theatre dignitary Gevork Chmshkian. In 1936 it was rebuilt and was renamed to Stepan Shahumian Armenian Theatre. Many great Armenian actors have performed on the theatre’s stage. s for performances were written by Aram Khachaturyan, Armen Tigranyan, Alexander Spendiaryan and others. Nowadays the theatre is Petros Adamian Tbilisi State Armenian Drama Theatre which is the only state theatre in the world which operates outside Armenia. It has cultural significance and historically serves as the center of Georgian-Armenian community in Tbilisi, representing a bridge in amicable relations between Armenians and Georgians

ABOUT TBILISI

Tbilisi Culture

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Tbilisi fascinates people and attracts their attention by its harmonious cohesion of ancient and modern features. A multi-storey building is exposed next to the 6th century temple, there broad streets, and bridges crossing over the river Kura, parks, gardens, squares; all beautifully uncovered for the visitor. Mount Mtatsminda (“Holy Mountain”) overlooks the town. The television tower and tracery top of the funicular raise above the town. Temple Metechi (18th cent.) is on the hill. The huge park Pantheon is on the rocky left bank of the Kura, were the monument to the founder of Tbilisi Vakhtang Gorgasal (6th cent.) is situated.

The builders of the city used the topographic features of the city location so skillfully that the city created unique architectural ensemble with the nature.

Tbilisi is nearly filled with unique national features. The historic core of the capital city is the Old Town, which is located in the southeastern part of Tbilisi. 2-3-storey stone and brick houses stand characterizing typical “Tbilisi architecture”, with galleries and carved wooden balconies hanging over the narrow streets. Almost all the buildings are historical or cultural monuments, and they formed the image of the famous “Georgian court” constantly celebrated in literary works.

Russian Drama Theatre after Gribaedov and Theatre of Rustaveli are among the most famous cultural institutions.

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Tbilisi citizens have their favorite places to relax, such as Vake, Vere, and Mushtaid parks, many small parks around the city. There are lovely refreshing lakes on the outskirts of Tbilisi: Turtle, Lisi, a large artificial water reservoir called the Tbilisi Sea. People can boat and swim in the artificial reservoir.

Tbilisi people love sports, mostly football. They are very proud of their Tbilisi Dynamo football team. Tennis is also very popular among Tbilisians and can be played throughout the city.

Tbilisi also has night life. It is one very light during the night. Old Tbilisi is bleached like a marvelous town from a tale story. Many bars, cafes and restaurants are open late

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ABOUT TBILISI

Tbilisi museums, churches and castles

There are ample cultural monuments in Tbilisi, including various museums, art galleries, churches, and many historical buildings. Among them the Tbilisi History Museum is a remarkable place to start with and learn about the city establishment. The museum has over 50,000 historical items that have been collected throughout the last 100 years, many of which are exposed to the general public.

About 20 kilometers (12.4 miles) north of Tbilisi at the confluence of the Aragvi and Kura rivers there is UNESCO World Heritage Site Historical Monuments of Mtskheta. It was the capital of Georgian Kingdom Iberia, and it was the location where Christianity was proclaimed as state religion of Georgia. Mtskheta is headquarters of Georgian Orthodox and Apostolic churches. It also features the enormous cathedral of Sveti-Tskhoveli. Here for centuries the coronations of Georgian kings took place.

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There are two most important religious establishments in Tbilisi: the Sioni Cathedral, seat of Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia until the Holy Trinity Cathedral (or Sameba Cathedral) was consecrated in 2004, and the Anchiskhati Basilica. Sioni Cathedral is in the Old Town, and it is really very old (built in the 5th century). Majority of weddings of Royal families took place there. Rituals happen now there with incense. Almost as old is the Anchiskhati, which was built in the 6th century. Originally it was devoted to Virgin Mary

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Sameba Cathedral is the third tallest Eastern Orthodox Cathedral in the world. It is elected on the Elia Hill above the bank of Kura River in the historic neighborhood of Havlabari in Old Tbilisi. The construction of the cathedral was a “symbol of the Georgian national and spiritual revival”. It was sponsored by anonymous donations from business people and citizens. On November 23, 2004, on St. George’s Day, the cathedral was consecrated by Catholicos Patriarch of Georgia Ilia II. The ceremony was attended by high-ranking representatives of other Orthodox churches, the leaders of other religious and confessional communities of Georgia as well as politicians.

Overlooking everything is the hilltop church of Jvari, another stunning testament to Georgia’s past. It stands on the top providing a powerful view of Georgia’s rocky green mountains, and the rivers that give life to the city of the warm springs.

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The Narikala Fortress overlooks the city since the 4th century, before the times the city was built. During one of their invasions, the Mongols called it “Narin Qala” (“Little Fortress”), which seems to be the origin of its present Georgian name

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